What is High BP and Low BP Range?
Blood pressure (BP) is the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of arteries. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and recorded as two numbers:
- Systolic Pressure (Top Number): The pressure in arteries when the heart beats.
- Diastolic Pressure (Bottom Number): The pressure in arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.
A healthy BP ensures proper blood circulation and prevents various health complications.
Normal, High, and Low Blood Pressure Ranges
| BP Category | Systolic (mmHg) | Diastolic (mmHg) |
|---|---|---|
| Normal | 90 - 120 | 60 - 80 |
| Elevated | 120 - 129 | Less than 80 |
| Hypertension Stage 1 | 130 - 139 | 80 - 89 |
| Hypertension Stage 2 | 140 or higher | 90 or higher |
| Hypertensive Crisis | 180 or higher | 120 or higher |
| Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension) | Below 90 | Below 60 |
High Blood Pressure (Hypertension): Causes & Symptoms
Causes:
- Unhealthy diet (high salt intake)
- Lack of exercise
- Obesity
- Stress
- Smoking and alcohol consumption
- Genetics
- Chronic kidney disease
- Hormonal disorders
Symptoms:
- Headaches
- Dizziness
- Blurred vision
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
Management & Prevention:
- Reduce salt intake
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Exercise regularly
- Manage stress
- Avoid smoking and alcohol
- Take prescribed medications
Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension): Causes & Symptoms
Causes:
- Dehydration
- Heart problems
- Endocrine disorders
- Blood loss
- Severe infections
- Nutrient deficiencies
Symptoms:
- Dizziness
- Fainting
- Blurred vision
- Nausea
- Cold, clammy skin
- Fatigue
Management & Prevention:
- Stay hydrated
- Eat a balanced diet
- Avoid sudden position changes
- Wear compression stockings (if necessary)
- Monitor BP regularly
Conclusion
Understanding your BP range is essential for overall well-being. Regular monitoring, a healthy lifestyle, and timely medical intervention can help manage blood pressure effectively. If you experience persistent high or low BP symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for guidance.
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